A literature review and broad consultation process was undertaken to revise the 2005 guideline for diagnosing FASD. Specific research involving infants, young children and adults with FASD, as well as further insight into the neurodevelopmental dysfunction and nomenclature, prompted the update and revision process. The literature has also shown that impairments in behaviour and function associated with FASD have been detected from exposure to binge drinking, even infrequently or early in pregnancy, which underscores the importance of pre-pregnancy counselling. 5 Since then, the field has evolved, and additional evidence, expertise and experience have emerged to suggest that a revision was required to improve both diagnoses and outcomes. In 2005, an international, collaborative, evidence-based guideline for diagnoses related to prenatal alcohol exposure was published.
![asd criteria dsm 5 table 6.1 asd criteria dsm 5 table 6.1](https://i.pinimg.com/736x/f8/d7/0c/f8d70c0eb3beb789f79099276fe9334d--autism-classroom-asd.jpg)
The development of clinical capacity for FASD diagnosis remains difficult, 4 because the diagnosis requires a medical evaluation and neurodevelopmental assessment conducted by a multidisciplinary team. The prevalence has been estimated at 1 in 100 people, which translates to more than 330 000 affected individuals in Canada. 2 The term “fetal alcohol spectrum disorder” (FASD) has since been adopted to describe a broader spectrum of presentations and disabilities resulting from alcohol exposure in utero. 1, 2 The term “fetal alcohol syndrome” (FAS) was first used to describe the cluster of birth defects due to prenatal alcohol exposure (including growth restriction, craniofacial abnormalities and intellectual disabilities) with lifetime consequences. The consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure were first described more than 40 years ago. Faculty of Medicine (Rosales), Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. Surrey Place Centre (Temple), Toronto, Ont. Lakeland Centre for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (McFarlane), Cold Lake, Alta. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Université de Moncton and Université de Sherbrooke, Moncton, NB Department of Pediatrics (Looke), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital (Mallon), Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alta.
![asd criteria dsm 5 table 6.1 asd criteria dsm 5 table 6.1](https://i.pinimg.com/originals/66/a4/0b/66a40b1a565a02c05e93ea718979b46d.jpg)
University of British Columbia (Conry ), Vancouver, BC Department of Pediatrics (LeBlanc), Dr. Department of Pediatrics (Chudley), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Clinic (Baldwin), Child Development Services, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alta. Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children (Lilley), Vancouver, BC National Institutes of Health (Anderson), Ottawa, Ont.
![asd criteria dsm 5 table 6.1 asd criteria dsm 5 table 6.1](https://i.pinimg.com/originals/d7/76/03/d776037984293d83bb7118506d04c72c.png)
Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (Green), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Cook), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. Canada Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Research Network (Cook, Green, Lutke) Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (Cook, Green), Ottawa, Ont.